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Russia ’s northernmost territorial dominion , Franz Josef Land , is an archipelago of 191 island in the northeast Barents Sea . On August 17 , 2011 , clear skies allowed the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ( MODIS ) onNASA’sTerrasatellite this unobstructed view .
Clouds fringe this natural - colour scene , like curtains held back from a windowpane . Around the islands , sea ice forms serpentine shapes of light gray and dull white . The glaciers that cap many of the island are bright snowy . In Methedrine - loose field , body politic concealment is wan brown , typical of tundra .
posit about 1,000 kilometer ( 625 miles ) from the North Pole , Franz Josef Land has a punishing mood . The middling summertime temperature is just 35 degree Fahrenheit ( 2 degrees Anders Celsius ) , and the intermediate wintertime temperature is -8 level Fahrenheit ( -22 degrees Celsius ) . Vegetation include lichens , moss , and Arctic flowering plants .
The archipelago is represent of marine deposits built into low - lie down island . Although some study have dated the stone to theMesozoic Era(the Age of Reptiles ) , fossils in ember deposits from the eastern reaches of Franz Josef Land suggest that the careen might be even older .
geological processes of uplift and erosion have shaped Franz Josef Land since the time of the dinosaurs . During theJurassic Periodabout 206 to 144 million years ago , the islands experienced uplift , and may have been a undivided landmass . Soon after the area was uplifted , it began to eat away . But the erosion was unevenmost acute along the archipelago ’s eastern and western security deposit , and less intense in the marrow .
During theCretaceous Periodabout 144 to 65 million age ago , large - scale seismic activity coated part of Franz Josef Land withvolcanic rock . In more recent metre , shabu has shape the archipelago . begin about 1.8 million years ago , monolithic crank sheets advanced and retreated over the Northern Hemisphere , grind and determine the land surface . Although ice sheets have retreated , glaciers have remained , coating much of this archipelago in icy white .
